( ) ( ) , he met a famous musician.
One
day , he met a famous musician.
The bus I wanted to take ( ) ( ) ( ) people.
The bus I
wanted to take was filled with people. ※ be full of ～
もほぼ同じ
I had ( ) ( ) ( ) cake.
I had a piece of cake.
My father runs in the park ( ) ( ) .
My father runs in the park every
day .
Coffee with ( ) ( ) milk, please.
Coffee with a little milk, please.
※ milk は数えられない名詞。数えられる名詞の場合は a few を使う。 例) a
few books
( ) ( ) ( ) people begin to use the internet.
More
and more people begin to use the
internet.
There are ( ) ( ) books on the desk.
There are a few books on the desk.
※
There are few books ～ だと、「本がほとんどない」の意味。
Please add ( ) small ( ) ( ) salt.
Please add a small
amount
of salt. ※
amount of ～ 「～ の合計」
I want ( ) ( ) ( ) water.
I want a glass of water.
I want to be an interpreter( ) ( ) ( ) . ※ interpreter 通訳
I want to be an interpreter in
the future .
The station ( ) ( ) ( ) people.
The station was full of people. ※ be
filled with ～ でも OK
Lisa studied math ( ) ( ) yesterday.
Lisa studied math a lot yesterday.
※ この「 a lot 」は副詞として使われている。「 a
lot of ～ 」 は形容詞扱い だから後ろに名詞が来る。
Tom has ( ) ( ) ( ) flowers in his hands.
Tom has a lot of flowers in his hands.
( ) ( ) students like the teacher.
Lots
of students like the
teacher. ※ lots of ≒ a lot of
ほぼ同じ。
( ) ( ) the students at this school have joined volunteer activities.
Most
of the students at this school
have joined volunteer activities.
Her baby smiles ( ) ( ) ( ) .
Her baby smiles all the time .
※ alwaysを使う場合には、alwaysの位置に注意。→ Her
baby always smiles.
I want ( ) ( ) ( ) tea.
I want a cup of tea.
( ) ( ) people were impressed with his speech.
Thousands
of people
were impressed with his speech.
( ) ( ) them are Japanese.
Some
of them are Japanese.
He read ( ) ( ) one hundred books last year.
He read more than one hundred books last year.
Mr. Smith ate Japanese food ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) .
Mr. Smith ate Japanese food for
the first time .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) go to school.
It
is time to go to school.
I don't watch TV ( ) ( ) .
I don't watch TV at night .
I can see a bird ( ) ( ) .
I can see a bird over there .
( ) ( ) , it's very hot in Tokyo.
These
days , it's very hot in Tokyo.
You should ( ) ( ) .
You should keep trying . ※ keep (on) ～ ing
「～し続 ける」
There is a large supermarket ( ) ( ) ( ) the station.
There is a large supermarket in
front of the station.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , there was a very small girl.
Once
upon a time , there was a very small
girl.
The shop is ( ) ( ) from our house.
The shop is far away from
our house.
The train is running ( ) Osaka ( ) Kyoto.
The train is running between Osaka and Kyoto. ※ between A and B
で AとBの間
My sister is ( ) ( ) .
My sister is at home .
Do your homework ( ) ( ) .
Do your homework right away .
※ right now も似たような意味だが、nowを強調しているのが right now なので、現在形で「今すぐに」。
right
awayは「できるだけ早く」という意味で過去形でも使える。
We lived in London ( ) ( ) ( ) .
We lived in London at that time .
※ in those days は、時間的な幅がある（直訳だと「その日々」）のに対し、
at
that time の方は過去進行形の文でよく使われ、過去の時の一点を表す
I thought science was difficult ( ) ( ) .
I thought science was difficult at
first .
He painted pictures ( ) ( ) the country.
He painted pictures all over the country.
The musical has lasted ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) .
The musical has lasted for a long time . ※ この last は動詞で「続く」
He came home ( ) ( ) ( ) .
He came home after a while . ※ a while は「しばらく」。for
a while だと「しばらくの間」
Nancy sat ( ) ( ) me.
Nancy sat next to me.
She is going to visit Nagoya ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) July.
She is going to visit Nagoya in
the middle of July.
He was popular in Japan ( ) ( ) ( ) .
He was popular in Japan in those days .
※ these
days は「近頃、最近」。 こちらは in
不要
I don't ( ) ( ) ( ) lunch.
I don't feel like making lunch. ※ feel
like ～ing 「～したい気分である、～にやる気がある」
( ) ( ) ( ) the present.
Thank
you for the present.
I want to ( ) ( ) .
I want to go swimming . ※「～しに行く」は go ～ing
( ) ( ) some coffee?
How
about some coffee?
※ 「Would you like～？」も、「～はいかがですか（ほしいですか）」という意味。「like」の後ろに名詞を置きます。
( ) ( ) ( ) play tennis?
Why don't we play tennis? ※「Why don’t we ～？」は「Let’s ～.」とほぼ同じ。
「Why
don’t you ～？」や「Why
not ～？」は「～してはどう？」と相手に提案する場合に使う。
( ) ( ) ? You look sad.
What's
up? You look sad.
Do you need any help? ―( ), ( ) ( ) .
Do you need any help? ― No, thank you .
Is that an apple? ―( ) ( ) .
Is that an apple? ― That's right .
( ) ( ) your letter.
Thanks
for your letter. ※
Thank you for のカジュアルな言い方が Thanks
for
This park is popular in our town. ― ( ) ( ) .
This park is popular in our town. ― I
see .
Can you wash the dishes? -- ( ) ( ) .
Can you wash the dishes? ― All right .
※「～ してくれますか？」は「Can you ～？」、丁寧に言いたいときは「Will you ～？」、
さらに丁寧に言いたいのであれば、「Could you」「Would you」と過去形にする。
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) . ― Nice to meet you, too.
Nice to meet you . ― Nice to meet you, too.
I like the song. ― ( ), ( ) .
I like the song. ― Me, too .
My name is Tanaka Shinichiro. ― ( ) ( ) ?
My name is Tanaka Shinichiro. ― Pardon me ? ※ 丁寧に言いたいなら I beg your pardon?
( ) ( ) , that's a difficult question.
Let's see , that's a difficult question.
Thank you. ― ( ) ( ) .
Thank you. ― You're welcome .
( ) ( ) , where is the station?
Excuse me , where is the station?
Can I close the door? ― ( ) ( ) .
Can I close the door? ― No problem .
※【カジュアル】Sure.（もちろん） Go
ahead.（どうぞ） 【フォーマル】Certainly.（いいですとも） Of course.（もちろん）
Thank you. ― ( ) ( ) .
Thank you. ― My pleasure .
( ) ( ) . ― See you later.
See you . ―See you later.
( ) ( ) use the pen?
Can I use the pen?
※「May I ～」は「～してもよろしいですか？」と少し丁寧な表現。 「Can I ～」は家族や友人同士で使う。
I ( ) ( ) ( ) go to China.
I would like to go to China.
※ would like to ～ は want to ～ の控えめな言い方。短縮形で書くと、I'd like to go to China.
( ) ( ) take pictures?
Could you take pictures?
※「～ してくれますか？」は「Can you ～？」、丁寧に言いたいと きは「Will you ～？」、
さらに丁寧に言いたいのであれば、「Could you」「Would you」と過去形にする。
( ) ( ) ( ) , Tom.
Just a moment , Tom.
( ) ( ) wash the dishes?
Shall I wash the dishes?
※ May I ～? Can I ～? は「許可」をもらうとき、Shall I ～? は提案。「私がしましょう」
Shall
we ～ ? は「私たちでしましょうか」→「一緒にしましょう」＝
Let's と同じ
It is getting cooler ( ) ( ) ( ) .
It is getting cooler little by little .
( ) ( ) eating lunch together?
What about eating lunch together? ※ ～するのはどう？ What about ～ing?
( ) ( ) Ken.
Call me Ken. ※「タクシーを呼んでください」 は Call me a taxi. と「a」が入る
He was ( ) tired ( ) walk.
He was too tired to walk. ※「～しすぎて、…できない。」 too （形容詞・副詞） to （動詞）
They ( ) ( ) ( ) near their house every morning.
They take a walk near their house every morning.
There are ( ) great ( ) ( ) toys in the room.
There are a great variety of toys in the room.
※ a lot of は「数量」がたくさん、a variety of は「種類」が たくさん
( ) ( ) ( ) some tea?
Would you like some tea?
( ) ( ) make breakfast?
Can you make breakfast?
※ Can you あなたはで きますか？ → 「～してくれませんか？」
Can I
わたしができますか？ →
「～してもいいですか」
( ) ( ) ( ). ― Thank you.
Here you are. ―Thank you.
( ) ( ) some examples.
Here are some examples.
They ( ) ( ) my help.
They asked for my help.
※ ask for ～ は 「～を求める」
ask 人 to～ は 「人に～するよう頼む」
Nancy likes the song ( ) ( ) .
Nancy likes the song very much .
This is ( ) ( ) ( ) card game.
This is a kind of card game.
※ 名詞の”kind” は「種類」、「本質」
形容詞の”kind” は「親切な」、「優しい」
There were ( ) ( ) twenty people on the beach.
There were at least twenty people on the beach.
( ) ( ) ( ) , Mike? ― I'm fine.
How are you , Mike? ―I'm fine.
We ( ) ( ) him ( ) solve this problem.
We would like him to solve this problem.
※ would like to ～ ～したい（ ≒ want to
～）
would like 人 to ～ 人に～して欲しい（ ≒ want 人 to ～）
My brother ( ) ( ) ( ) music.
My brother is interested in music.
Please ( ) ( ) the light.
Please turn off the light. ※ 「明かりをつける」は turn on the light
We do ( ) worry about her ( ) ( ) .
We do not worry about her at all . ※ not ～ at all で、「全く～ない」
He has ( ) ( ) ( ) for a week.
He has had a cold for a week.
※ この英文は現在完了形。have＋
過去分詞形となるので、have had a cold. と have が2回続く
「風邪をひく」は have a cold または catch a cold
( ) ( ) books do you have?
How many books do you have? ※ How many 複数名詞 → 複数扱い
He was injured ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) school.
He was injured on his way to school.
※ 「～ へ行く途中」 on (所有格の代名詞) way to ～ on my way to ～ / on your way to ～
( ) ( ) is the bag?
How much is the bag?
※ How much は数えられない名詞で使い、単数扱い。 How many は数えられる名詞に使い、複数扱い。
( ) ( ) , please.
Sit down , please.
Can you get some milk ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ?
Can you get some milk on the way back ?
※ on your way home だと、「家に帰る途中」となり「自宅」限定での表現になる
When will she ( ) ( ) to Japan?
When will she come back to Japan?
Who ( ) the lights ( ) ?
Who turned the lights on ?
※ on が後ろについているが、この 「on」は前置詞ではなく、副詞。
put on, take out などの「他動詞＋(on, offなど)」の形でよく使われるが、人称代名詞であれば、間に挟むことが多い。
・put it on「そ
れを着る」, put on the shoes「靴を履く」
・take him out「彼を連れ出す」, take out the
boy「その男の子を連れ出す」
・pick him
up「彼を（車で）迎えに行く」, pick up my
husband 「夫を（車で）迎え に行く」
( ) ( ) this street until you get to the bank.
Go along this street until you get to the bank.
I ( ) ( ) get up at six.
I don't always get up at six.
I learned American culture ( ) ( ) ( ) Japanese culture.
I learned American culture is different from Japanese culture.
My grandmother ( ) ( ) ( ) cooking.
My grandmother is good at cooking. ※ be good at ＋ (名詞または動名詞) 「～するのが上手だ」
( ) ( ) will you stay in Italy?
How long will you stay in Italy? ※① 時間や期間の長さを尋ねるhow long ② 物 の長さを尋ねるhow long
The boy who just ( ) ( ) is Ken's brother.
The boy who just passed by is Ken's brother.
I ( ) ( ) at six every morning.
I wake up at six every morning.
He ( ) ( ) his clothes.
He took off his clothes.
When I ( ) ( ) ( ) go to bed, my father got home.
When I was about to go to bed, my father got home.
※ be about to ～ 今にも～しようとしている
They ( ) ( ) ( ) .
They were in trouble .
※「be in trouble」は事故や災難など何らかの不幸に遭って困難に直面しているときに使う
( ) ( ) this picture.
Look at this picture.
※ lookを使った熟語
| look at |
～を見る |
| look like | ～に見える |
| look after | ～を世話をする |
| look forward to | ～を楽しみにして待つ・期待する |
| look for | ～を求める, 捜す |
| look into | ～をのぞき込む・～を調査する |
| look out | 注意する・警戒する |
What is she ( ) ( ) ?
What is she looking for ?
We ( ) ( ) ( ) leave Japan.
We are ready to leave Japan.
※ be ready to ＋動詞
( ) ( ) ( ) a knife.
Be careful with a knife.
I'm ( ) ( ) ( ) seeing him.
I'm looking forward to seeing him.
※ look forward to ＋名詞（動名詞） 「～を楽しみに待つ」
Our city ( ) ( ) ( ) its peaches.
Our city is famous for its peaches.
They ( ) ( ) ( ) her decision.
They are satisfied with her decision.
We ( ) ( ) from the room.
We ran away from the room.
※ run away 「逃げる」
The story ( ) ( ) ( ) the people who live in this town.
The story is familiar to the people who live in this town.
I ( ) really ( ) ( ) his e-mail.
I was really amazed at his e-mail.
We ( ) ( ) ( ) his joke.
We are tired of his joke.
Let's ( ) ( ) music.
Let's listen to music.
※ 「ラジオを聴く」は listen to the radio
「音楽を聴く」は listen to music
We ( ) ( ) ( ) our parents.
We are proud of our parents.
He ( ) ( ) ( ) dogs when he was a child.
He was afraid of dogs when he was a child.
She ( ) ( ) early every morning.
She gets up early every morning.
Can we ( ) ( ) the library before three?
Can we get to the library before three?
※ get
to ： 終着点に「到着する」
reach ： 努力をして「到着する」
arrive at / in ： 目的地に「到着する」
We ( ) ( ) follow these rules.
We have to follow these rules.
He will ( ) ( ) ( ) swim soon.
He will be able to swim soon.
※ be able to = can
will
と can は同時に使えないので、will
be able to を使う
will と must は同時に使えないので、will have to を使う
( ) ( ) the letter, he will come back to Japan next month.
According to the letter, he will come back to Japan next month.
She will ( ) ( ) with Bob next Sunday.
She will go out with Bob next Sunday.
He ( ) ( ) on the bed.
He fell down on the bed. ※ fall down 倒れる
I believe your dream will ( ) ( ) .
I believe your dream will come true .
I'm going to make dinner ( ) ( ) my mother.
I'm going to make dinner instead of my mother.
( ) ( ) your help, I was able to finish writing this report.
Thanks to your help, I was able to finish writing this report.
※ be able to = can
She traveled around the city ( ) ( ) .
She traveled around the city on foot .
Bob often ( ) me ( ) my English homework.
Bob often helps me with my English homework.
Becky and Jim ( ) ( ) Canada.
Becky and Jim come from Canada.
I ( ) ( ) give her this doll.
I want to give her this doll.
※ want to ～ 「～したい」
We ( ) ( ) a tent near the river.
We set up a tent near the river.
Let's ( ) ( ) to our classroom.
Let's go back to our classroom.
He often ( ) ( ) his mother.
He often depends on his mother.
Wait ( ) ( ) here, please.
Wait in line here, please.
We will ( ) ( ) this evening.
We will eat out this evening.
I was surprised to ( ) ( ) the contest.
I was surprised to hear of the contest.
I ( ) ( ) the station ten minutes ago.
I arrived at the station ten minutes ago.
※ get
to ： 終着点に「到着する」
reach ： 努力をして「到着する」
arrive at / in ： 目的地に「到着する」
Do you know why I ( ) ( ) you?
Do you know why I agreed with you?
I think your plan will ( ) ( ) .
I think your plan will do well .
Let's ( ) ( ) to the next topic.
Let's move on to the next topic.
※ move on 「（次の話題などへ）移る 進む」
We ( ) ( ) ( ) tomorrow.
We are ready for tomorrow.
※ be ready for ＋名詞 be ready for ＋動名詞
They are ( ) ( ) a new project now.
They are working on a new project now.
※ work on ～ ～に取り組む
I will ( ) ( ) tickets to my friends.
I will hand out tickets to my friends.
※ handout（名詞）で「配布物・配布資料」となる
Are you going to ( ) ( ) the problem by yourself?
Are you going to work out the problem by yourself?
The leaves of this tree ( ) ( ) yellow in fall.
The leaves of this tree turn into yellow in fall.
※ turn into ～ 〔性質・外観・色などが〕～に変わる［変化する］
They have already ( ) ( ) ( ) water.
They have already run out of water.
Ten years ( ) ( ) .
Ten years went by .
※ go by （時間が）過ぎる / 通り過ぎる
= Ten years have passed. と言い換え可能
She ( ) ( ) ( ) at eleven every night.
She goes to bed at eleven every night.
( ) ( ) , Mary.
Stand up , Mary.
You can ( ) some tomatoes ( ) from the field.
You can bring some tomatoes back from the field.
Are you ( ) ( ) Jane?
Are you waiting for Jane?
※「～を待つ」 wait for ～
The girl ( ) ( ) stay home.
The girl decided to stay home.
※ decide
は 目的語に不定詞を取る動詞 → 目的語は名詞しかとらないので、名詞的用法
ほかに、want wish hope など
It is said that some languages will ( ) ( ) in the future.
It is said that some languages will die out in the future.
※ die「死ぬ」 die - died - died ing形は dying
Tom, please ( ) ( ) a book from the bag.
Tom, please take out a book from the bag.
Where should we ( ) ( ) the bus?
Where should we get off the bus?
※ 乗る：get on ⇔ 降りる：get off
get on ⇒ 大型の乗り物（の上）に乗るイメージ
get off ⇒ 大型の乗り物から降りる（離れる）イメージ
bus（バス）、train（電車）、airplane（飛行機）などで使う
※ 乗る：get in ⇔ 降りる：get out
get in ⇒ 中に乗り込むイメージ
get out (of) ⇒ 中から外に出るイメージ
car（車）、taxi（タクシー）、truck（トラック）など自動車全般、elevator（エレベーター）など
Can I ( ) ( ) ?
Can I come in ?
※ 例文: I didn't hear you come in. 入って来たのが聞こえませんでした。
They didn't ( ) these books ( ) .
They didn't take these books away .
※ take away ～を奪う 持ち出す
Children ( ) ( ) fast.
Children grow up fast.
I hope you will ( ) ( ) .
I hope you will get well .
※ ここでの get は become と同じ、「～になる」の意味
He will ( ) ( ) ( ) the activity.
He will take part in the activity.
※ take
part in はイベントに「積極的に参加する」という意味
join はグループに正式に「加入する」という意味
Jane came to my house ( ) ( ) .
Jane came to my house after all .
He ( ) ( ) in France.
He was born in France.
※ bear-bore-born / bear は「生む」。 受動態にすることで「生まれる」となる。
In the zoo, we saw lions, pandas, elephants ( ) ( ) ( ) .
In the zoo, we saw lions, pandas, elephants and so on .
※ 例文 : I need pens, notebooks and
so on.
We should help ( ) ( ) .
We should help each other .
※ each other は主語にはできない。
The king is ( ) famous ( ) everyone knows him.
The king is so famous that everyone knows him.
※ 程度・結果を表す so
～ that … 「たいへん ～ なので、…」
程度・結果を表す場合、so と that の間に形容詞または副詞を置くのが基本。
cf. I woke up
early so that I could arrive on
time.
（時間通りに到着するために、私は早く起きた。）
so that がくっついた状態で使われると 「～するために」
( ) ( ) , he loves animals.
Of course , he loves animals.
※ 「of」 と「off」を区別。off course は「コースから外れて」と意味が変わってしまうことに注意。
Tom looks sad. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , Bob looks happy.
Tom looks sad. On the other hand , Bob looks happy.
We should help people ( ) ( ) .
We should help people in need .
( ) ( ) our city.
Welcome to our city.
He couldn't sleep ( ) ( ) the sound.
He couldn't sleep because of the sound.
※ because は接続詞なので、後ろに S＋V が来る。
because of は前置詞と同じ扱いで、後ろに「名詞のまとまり」が来る。
I think ( ) English ( ) math are interesting.
I think both English and math are interesting.
※ 「both」は、
2つのものについて「両方とも」を指し、常に複数扱いの単語
Those girls ( ) ( ) the soccer club.
Those girls belong to the soccer club.
I ( ) ( ) ( ) to win the game.
I did my best to win the game.
※ 「最善を尽くす」 do my best = try my
best myのところには所有格の代名詞が入る
The woman can speak ( ) ( ) Japanese ( ) ( ) Chinese.
The woman can speak not only Japanese but also Chinese.
※ not
only A but also B
AだけでなくBも、AのみならずBも、 ◆ alsoは省略されることもある
I have ( ) ( ) ( ) with him since we graduated from school.
I have kept in touch with him since we graduated from school.
※ keep in touch by e-mail 「電子メールで連絡を保つ」
The lesson ( ) ( ) fun.
The lesson sounds like fun.
※ sound like～ ～のように聞こえる / ～のように思える
Kevin lost his job ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) his mistake.
Kevin lost his job as a result of his mistake.
※ as a result of = because of （～のために）で言い換えられる
What do you ( ) ( ) the problem?
What do you think of the problem?
※ think of ～ ～のことを思う
We ( ) ( ) ( ) Australia three times.
We have been to Australia three times.
※ have been to ～ 「～に行ったことがある」
have gone to ～ 「～に行ってしまって（今はいない）」
( ) ( ) , I enjoyed the movie.
For example , I enjoyed the movie.
This is one of the most popular movies ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) .
This is one of the most popular movies all over the world .
※ 「世界中で」の表現3つ
・around the world
「世界中で」「世界のあちこちで」「世界のいろいろな所で」
・all over the world
世界全体というニュアンス
・in the world
比較として「世界で一番に」や、何かの存在を述べる「世界には○○がある」
( ) like sports. ( ) don't.
Some like sports. Others don't.
They learn foreign languages, ( ) ( ) English and French.
They learn foreign languages, such as English and French.
※ 具体例を挙げるときに使うのは such as 。
This song ( ) me ( ) my hometown.
This song reminds me of my hometown.
※ 主語 remind 人 of ～ [主語] が [人] に ～ を思い出させる
What should we do ( ) ( ) ( ) an earthquake?
What should we do in case of an earthquake?
※ in
case of 「もし～の場合」「～の場合に備えて」「もし～が起ったら」
【用法】通例、文頭で用いられる。
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) he is the best soccer player in Japan.
It is said that he is the best soccer player in Japan.
＝ He is said to be the best soccer player in Japan.
※ 「人は～すると言われている」のパターン２つ。
１ 「It is said that 人 動詞～」。
２ 「人 is said to 動詞～」。
I go to the library ( ) ( ) ( ) write a report.
I go to the library in order to write a report.
※ in
order to 「～するために」
( ) ( ) me, I like apples better than oranges.
As for me, I like apples better than oranges.
※ as for ～ 「～に関しては」「～はどうかと言うと」
She came home early to ( ) ( ) ( ) her pet.
She came home early to take care of her pet.
※ 日常的に世話をする場合は、
「look after」が使われる傾向があります。
「take care of～」は
一時的/日常的に限らず使われます。
I ( ) ( ) ( ) where she lives.
I have no idea where she lives.
※ no
= 全く～ない
I have no idea. : 全然分かりません。／見当もつきません。／全く考え付きません。
( ) ( ) I'm not from America.
In fact I'm not from America.
Please ( ) ( ) ( ) ask us any questions.
Please feel free to ask us any questions.
※
feel free to 「自由に～する」
Feel free to tell us. : 何なりとお申し付けください。
We ( ) ( ) ( ) change our plan.
We don't have to change our plan.
※ have to = must だが、must と違って助動詞ではないので、否定文にしたり疑問文 にする場合は don't / doesn't / Do / Does を使う.
The cloud ( ) ( ) a dog.
The cloud looks like a dog.
※ 「～ のように見える」 look like 名詞 または、look 形容詞
They look like twins.（彼らは双子のように見える。）
She looks like a different person.（彼女は別の人のように見える。）
The office looks new. （そのオフィスは新しいように見えます。）
This task looks difficult. （この仕事は難しそうです。）
The book looks heavy. （その本はとても重そうに見えます。）
His words helped ( ) ( ) ( ) in the world.
His words helped make a difference in the world.
Ms. Allen ( ) her students ( ) join in the speech contest.
Ms. Allen encouraged her students to join in the speech contest.
※ 主語 encourage 人 to do [主語] が [人] に～するように勧める
My brother plays baseball ( ) ( ) on Fridays.
My brother plays baseball after school on Fridays.
I made the website ( ) ( ) .
I made the website this way .
( ) ( ) ( ) , where do you live?
By the way , where do you live?
( ) ( ) it rains tomorrow, they will hold the event.
Even if it rains tomorrow, they will hold the event.
※ 時・条件を表す副詞節の中では未来のことも現在形で表すので rains となっている。